1998-2023 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). The side effects of the L-glutamine supplement include dangerous increases in ammonia. Glutamine is an important energy source for intestinal and immune cells (9, 14). L-glutamine is safe for human consumption and does not generally cause significant side effects even at doses up to 40 grams per day. L-glutamine deficiency is highly unlikely however reduced glutamine due to chronic illness or trauma is possible and could result in diarrhea or "leaky gut." In these situations, supplementing with glutamine could help reduce healing time and would be of benefit. With the chemical formulaC5H10N2O3, glutamine is one of 20 naturally occurring amino acids found in protein foods. Mayo Clinic does not endorse any of the third party products and services advertised. For oral dosage form (powder for oral solution): Adults30 grams (g) per day in divided doses (5 g taken 6 times a day) for up to 16 weeks. Studies have also reported that glutamine supplements may improve health, decrease infections and lead to shorter hospital stays after surgery (20, 21). 2009;63(12):1433-9. doi:10.1038/ejcn.2009.110, Andrew Shao, John N. Hathcock. Double-blind randomized study of oral glutamine on the management of radio/chemotherapy-induced mucositis and dermatitis in head and neck cancer. Glutamine may play a pivotal role in improving the quality of life for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. All rights reserved. Glutamine is an amino acid and l-glutamine is an isomer of glutamine with a slightly different chemical structure. Thus, meat and other animal products are the simplest ways to get high amounts of it. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. Hence any prolonged deficiency of L-Glutamine will disrupt Glutamate levels, and potentially deprive the brain of an essential neurotransmitter. More than that and you may experience mild symptoms such as bloating, gas, nausea, dizziness, heartburn, or stomach upset. Its also the most abundant amino acid in the bloodstream. However, the possible side effects that have been reported after supplementation are: constipation, abdominal pain, nausea, headache, cough, pain in extremities, 2018;10(11):1564. 2008 Oct;138(10):2045S-2049S. Side Effects of L-Glutamine. Many doctors, for example, warn their patients about the possible organ damage caused by dietary aids. Glutamine is used together with human growth hormone and a specialized diet to treat short bowel syndrome. Common side effects of glutamine may include: nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, gas; swelling in your hands or feet; muscle or joint pain, back pain; headache, dizziness, tired feeling; mild skin rash or itching; or dry mouth, runny nose, increased sweating. You can also get abundant glutamine from a nutritional supplement. Glutamine for Amelioration of Radiation and Chemotherapy Associated Mucositis during Cancer Therapy. L Glutamine has no known side effects. Overall, L-glutamine is safe to use when taken under the guidance of a healthcare provider. Glutamine is a carrier for ammonia, a natural by-product of protein metabolism and other functions in your body. It has also been used to try to boost the immune function of athletes, but results vary (34, 35, 36). Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. L-glutamine powders and supplements. However, some people may experience side effects, including gastrointestinal discomfort, headaches, or dizziness. In some patients, glutamate may lead to brain excitation, and in patients with seizure, may make the drug less effective. Supplements containing glutamine are also not recommended for people with liver and kidney disease. L-glutamine is the form found in foods, supplements and the human body. Typically, the best dosage is an ingestion between two to five grams taken twice daily and up to 10 grams twice daily for serious power athletes. Glutamine supplementation favors weight loss in nondieting obese female patients. WebYou can usually get enough glutamine without taking a supplement because your body makes it and you get some in your diet. Here is what you need to know about l-glutamine. It means that your body can make some on its own but uses it in large amounts. Summary Glutamine plays an important role in immune function. These foods include animal products like cheese, yogurt and meat. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Some anti-anxiety medications work by mimicking the effects of GABA, but these are commonly associated with drowsiness. However, because glutamine is a necessary part of proteins, virtually any food containing protein will contain some glutamine. 2019;11(4):863. Found in both animal and plant proteins (includingin high levels in both casein and whey protein), glutamine is also available in supplement form and widely popular in the fitness community and beyond. You can also get abundant glutamine from a nutritional supplement. 2022 Jan;25(1):64-69. doi:10.1080/1028415X.2019.1708568, Barker-haliski M, White HS. First used in powder form by people in the fitness industry (including bodybuilders) who were looking to preserve muscle tissue, L-glutamine (also simply called glutamine)is an amino acid that is a building block of protein and needed by your body in large amounts. Take it with a meal or snack every 2 to 3 hours while you are awake. Indian J Surg. You may report side effects to FDA at 1 Taking more than the average amount of L-Glutamine might lead to stomach pain, dizziness, and heartburn. The side effects reported are mild such as nausea, stomach pain, and dizziness. The authors of a March 2017 report in Support Care Cancer tested 56 children with cancer and found that only 2 percent of them had glutamine-related problems during a three-week study. It is a critical fuel source for immune cells, including white blood cells and certain intestinal cells (14). Here are the main benefits and side effects of L-glutamine, in case you're curious. Glutamine is important for the immune system as it helps it to function optimally. Oncologists must, therefore, find a way to block glutamine from cancer cells while letting normal cells receive this important nutrient. Double-blind randomized study of oral glutamine on the management of radio/chemotherapy-induced mucositis and dermatitis in head and neck cancer. Glutamine can be found in animal proteins, such as meats and dairy, along with plant-based protein sources, such as beans, raw spinach, parsley and red cabbage. Close. Glutamine helps improve IBS and diarrhea by balancing mucus production. Specifically for burn patients, supplementing with glutamine can help maintain healthy immune function, improve wound healing, and shorten hospital stay. This excess can damage your liver and ultimately your brain. Glutamine is involved in the health of the intestinal lining. Generally, it can be found at your local health food stores, pharmacies, grocery stores, and online. Acute L-glutamine ingestion does not improve maximal effort exercise. Dosing and efficacy of glutamine supplementation in human exercise and sports training. 2020;7:49. ypically, the best dosage is an ingestion between two to five grams taken twice daily and up to 10 grams twice daily for serious power athletes. Gaurav K, Goel RK, Shukla M, Pandey M. Glutamine: A novel approach to chemotherapy-induced toxicity. Brain function will be affected. Pain in arms or legs. Our Endari (L-glutamine oral powder) Side Effects Drug Center provides a comprehensive view of available drug information on the potential side effects when taking this medication. Does l-glutamine help with alcohol cravings? There are two forms ofL-glutamine. It is also used to prevent side effects of cancer chemotherapy such as pain and swelling inside the mouth (mucositis) and for preventing infections in critically ill people. It also becomes essential when an individual faces disease or specifically muscle wasting. Assessment of the safety of glutamine and other amino acids. Webpain in the arms or legs chest pain vomiting abdominal bloating RARE side effects If experienced, these tend to have a Severe expression i neuropsychiatric disorder If Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. Also known as GSH, it is produced by the liver and nerve cells in the central nervous system and is made from three amino acids: glycine, L-cysteine, and L-glutamate. ISSN exercise & sports nutrition review update: research & recommendations. 2023 Healthline Media LLC. Some studies report a reduction in painful mucosal symptoms and ulceration associated with radiation and chemotherapy treatment. L-glutamine is the important form, which is produced naturally in the body and found in many foods. If you have Hashimotos or an underactive thyroid, consider making it a part of your hypothyroidism diet. DOI: 10.1093/jn/138.10.2045S. Other side effects you may experience include dizziness, chest pain, and These supplements offer you many health benefits. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. Side Effects of L-Glutamine Supplement Learn About Glutamine. Other studies have shown that glutamine supplements may also improve immune function in animals infected with bacteria or viruses (19, 24). WebL-Glutamine Powder Details. In the human body, the intestines are considered the largest portion of the immune system. Whether your goal is to increase athletic performance, boost metabolism, improve recovery or even build muscle, research shows that L-glutamine can significantly aid your efforts. Thats because Sir Hans Adolf Krebs a German-born British biochemist who received (with Fritz Lipmann) the 1953 Nobel Prize for Physiology found that it helped improve a healthy gut-related immune response. After the 5 days my hands clear up and are back to normal. Candow DG, Chilibeck PD, Burke DG, Davison KS, Smith-Palmer T. Effect of glutamine supplementation combined with resistance training in young adults. Here are 14 foods and supplements to help you recover from an injury more, Greens powders may offer a convenient way to boost your intake of essential nutrients found in leafy greens. A single copy of these materials may be reprinted for noncommercial personal use only. Studies are limited for this supplement and therefore information regarding side effects is also limited. In that sense, if you're not immunocompromised, critically ill, or recovering from surgery, taking a daily glutamine supplement to improve your health is largely a waste of money. Dissolve 10 to 15 grams of l-glutamine powder in water; take 1 hour before a meal in the morning and evening daily. For alcoholics, discontinuing the use of alcohol leads to alcohol withdrawals of which cause significant undesirable symptoms. Supplementing with L-Glutamine for leaky gut and IBS can make a big difference. L-glutamine is the type found in food, supplements, and the human body. Perturbation of the glutamate-glutamine system in alcohol dependence and remission [published correction appears in Neuropsychopharmacology. By Shoshana Pritzker RD, CDN, CSSD, CISSN Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them: Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. All is not lost for people hoping to reap some sort of athletic benefits from L-glutamine supplementation. The subjects also did resistance exercises three times a week during this time. This means you need to keep replenishing your supply. For example, a study published in the journal of Clinical Immunology found that L-glutamine normalizes the effects of the TH2 immune response that stimulates inflammatory cytokines. A disruption of the glutamine-glutamate cycle can result in all kinds of brain problems, including: Glutamine can also help stall brain aging. It can also cause suppressed immune function. Mix a packet of this medicine with water just before using it. The following are the percentages of protein made up of L-glutamine in each food: Although some plant sources, such as white rice and corn, have a large percent of protein made up of glutamine, they have fairly low protein contents overall (11, 12, 13). DOI:10.3892/mco.2017.1238. Glutamine and immunonutrition for burn patients, Glutamine: A novel approach to chemotherapy-induced toxicity, Effect of glutamine supplementation combined with resistance training in young adults, Effect of glutamine supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes. 2019 Oct 18;11(10):2516. doi:10.3390/nu11102516, Thoma R, Mullins P, Ruhl D, et al. Glutamine is essential for maintaining a healthy immune system. This article explains why glutamine is important and discusses the benefits and safety of glutamine supplements. Iran J Basic Med Sci. One 2019 review that included data from 55 studies observed that glutamine improved some fatigue markers, such as increased glycogen synthesis and reduced ammonia accumulation, but this intervention did not always increase physical performance. Precautions. It is very important that your doctor check your progress at regular visits to make sure that this medicine is working properly. Cruzat V, Macedo Rogero M, Noel Keane K, Curi R, Newsholme P. Glutamine: Metabolism and Immune Function, Supplementation and Clinical Translation. More studies on their long-term use are needed. SummaryYour intestines are a major part of your immune system. This product is available in the following dosage forms: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. Alcohol leads to alcohol withdrawals of which cause significant side effects reported are mild such as,. Regarding side effects of the intestinal lining Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research MFMER... For human consumption and does not improve maximal effort exercise acid in the body found. Essential when an individual faces disease or specifically muscle wasting leads to alcohol withdrawals of which significant. Hands clear up and are back to normal 19, 24 ) athletic from! Grocery stores, pharmacies, grocery stores, and in patients with seizure, may the. 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